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PIK3CA
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PIK3CA codon(s) 542, 545, 1047 any
GenePIK3CA
Variantany
Transcript ID (GRCh37/hg19)ENST00000263967
Codons542, 545, 1047
Exons10, 10, 21
Genomic Coordinates (GRCh37/hg19)3:178936082-178936084, 3:178936091-178936093, 3:178952084-178952086
Germline/Somatic?Somatic
Pertinent Negative In
Tumor TypePrimary Site
See All Pertinent Negatives

Interpretations

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Tier 1
PIK3CA
Variants
PIK3CA E542K
PIK3CA E545K
PIK3CA H1047R
PIK3CA codon(s) 542, 545, 1047 any
Primary Sites
Breast
Tumor Types
Adenocarcinoma
Lobular Carcinoma
Interpretation

PIK3CA mutations activate the PI3K-PTEN-AKT pathway which is downstream from both the EGFR and the RAS-RAF-MAPK pathways.The somatic mutations found thus far in PIK3CA are oncogenic, and the majority of them are clustered within exon 9 and 20 (helical and kinase domains), with 80% of the identified mutations found within three hotspot: E542K, E545K, and H1047R. PIK3CA mutations are often found in hormone receptor positive breast cancer and have been associated with resistance to anti-EGFR therapy in some studies but not in others.

Last updated: 2017-01-20 03:27:58 UTC
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Tier 1
PIK3CA
Variants
PIK3CA E542K
PIK3CA E545K
PIK3CA H1047R
PIK3CA codon(s) 542, 545, 1047 any
PIK3CA exon(s) 10, 20, 21 any
Primary Sites
Blood
Bone Marrow
Tumor Types
Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Interpretation

PIK3CA is the the p110 catalytic subunit-alpha of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase. Activating mutations of PIK3CA occur in various types. PIK3CA mutations have been reported in approximately 8% of cases of diffuse large B cell lymphoma and are typically mutually exclusive of PTEN loss in that tumor type. PIK3CA mutations are very rare in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and believed to be absent in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes. PIK3CA mutations are potentially targetable in some settings and pathway inhibitors are currently under investigation .

Last updated: 2016-06-04 21:43:12 UTC
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Tier 2
PIK3CA
Variants
PIK3CA E542K
PIK3CA E545K
PIK3CA H1047R
PIK3CA codon(s) 542, 545, 1047 any
Primary Sites
Anus
Oral Cavity
Pharynx
Lung
Tumor Types
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Interpretation

The catalytic subunit (p110a) of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) is encoded by the PIK3CA gene and acts to activate several signaling cascades, including the well-characterized AKT-mTOR pathway that promotes cell survival, proliferation, growth and motility. PIK3CA is among the most commonly mutated genes in cancer and aberrant activation of PI3K is a transforming event. Somatic mutations in PIK3CA have been found in 1--3% of NSCLC and genetic alteration in PIK3CA have been identified in 7% of lung adenocarcinomas. These mutations typically occur within specific hotspot regions. PIK3CA mutations activate the PI3K-PTEN-AKT pathway which is downstream from both the EGFR and the RAS-RAF-MAPK pathways. The somatic mutations found thus far in PIK3CA are oncogenic, and the majority of them are clustered within exon 9 and 20 (helical and kinase domains), with three hotspots (E542K, E545K, and H1047R/L). PIK3CA mutations have been reported in 8-21% and 20-33% of head/neck and anal squamous cell carcinoma, respectively. PIK3CA mutations, especially ones involving the helical domain, in these types of squamous cell carcinoma are highly associated with HPV. The predictive and prognostic significance of PIK3CA mutations in squamous cell carcinoma is unclear and needs further elucidation. Clinical trials targeting PI3K/Akt/mTor pathway inhibitors are available for patients with PIK3CA mutated tumors.

Last updated: 2019-03-11 16:30:45 UTC
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Tier 2
PIK3CA
Variants
PIK3CA E542K
PIK3CA E545K
PIK3CA H1047R
PIK3CA codon(s) 542, 545, 1047 any
Primary Sites
Liver
Pancreas
Stomach
Tumor Types
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Cholangiocarcinoma
Interpretation

PIK3CA mutations activate the PI3K-PTEN-AKT pathway which is downstream from both the EGFR and the RAS-RAF-MAPK pathways. The somatic mutations found thus far in PIK3CA are oncogenic, and the majority of them are clustered within exon 9 and 20 (helical and kinase domains), with three hotspots (E542K, E545K, and H1047R/L). PIK3CA mutations have been reported in various tumor types including up to 36% and 11% of hepatocellular carcinoma and gastric cancer, respectively. They are detected less frequently in cholangiocarcinoma (~6%) and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (~4%). The predictive and prognostic significance of PIK3CA mutations is unclear and needs further elucidation. Clinical trials targeting PI3K/Akt/mTor pathway inhibitors are available for patients with PIK3CA mutated tumors.

Last updated: 2016-10-05 22:29:42 UTC
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Tier 2
PIK3CA
Variants
PIK3CA codon(s) 542, 545, 1047 any
Primary Sites
Bladder
Kidney
Ureter
Tumor Types
Urothelial Carcinoma
Interpretation

PIK3CA mutations activate the PI3K-PTEN-AKT pathway which is downstream from both the EGFR and the RAS-RAF-MAPK pathways.The somatic mutations found thus far in PIK3CA are oncogenic, and the majority of them are clustered within exon 9 and 20 (helical and kinase domains). Activating mutations in PIK3CA are found are found in a wide variety of human cancers including 27% urothelial bladder cancers, with a higher prevalence in low grade tumors. Up to 13.6% of renal pelvic urothelial carcinomas also harbor activating somatic mutations in PIK3CA gene. The role of PIK3CA mutations as prognosticators of outcome or predictors of therapeutic response awaits further evaluation.

Last updated: 2018-05-16 16:40:23 UTC
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When using PMKB, please cite: Huang et al., JAMIA 2017


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