WCMC logo
PMKB
  • WCMC logoPMKB
  • Genes
  • Variants
  • Interpretations
  • Tumor Types
  • Primary Sites
  • Activity
  • Login
KRAS
  • Information
  • View History
  • Pending Review
Interpretation 309
Tier 2
KRAS
Variants
KRAS V14I
Primary Sites
Colon
Tumor Types
Adenocarcinoma
Interpretation

KRAS belongs to a family of small GTPases and gain-of-function mutations in the gene yield a constitutively active protein. Such mutations are found in approximately 30% to 50% of metastatic colorectal cancers and are common in other tumor types. The most frequent KRAS mutations occur at codons 12, 13, and 61. Mutations at codons 117 and 146 are less common. Mutations at codon 14 have been detected in adenocarcinomas of the small intestine and colon as well as AML. Germline V14I mutations have been identified in patients with Noonan syndrome. In vitro studies have shown that V14I mutations lead to moderately enhanced MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation suggesting increased downstream signaling, but with slightly less transforming capacity than G12D mutation. Mutations in the KRAS gene may indicate poor prognosis and poor drug response to EGFR-targeted therapies. Results should be interpreted in conjunction with other laboratory and clinical findings.

Citations
  1. Lievre A, et al. KRAS mutations as an independent prognostic factor in patients with advanced colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab. J Clin Oncol 2008;26(3):374-9
  2. Amado RG, et al. Wild-type KRAS is required for panitumumab efficacy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008;26(10):1626-34
  3. Alvi MA, et al. Comprehensive molecular pathology analysis of small bowel adenocarcinoma reveals novel targets with potential for clinical utility. Oncotarget 2015;6(25):20863-74
  4. Vaughn CP, et al. Frequency of KRAS, BRAF, and NRAS mutations in colorectal cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2011;50(5):307-12
  5. Hernandez-Porras I, et al. K-Ras(V14I) -induced Noonan syndrome predisposes to tumour development in mice. J Pathol 2016;239(2):206-17
  6. Gremer L, et al. Germline KRAS mutations cause aberrant biochemical and physical properties leading to developmental disorders. Hum Mutat 2011;32(1):33-43
  7. Tyner JW, et al. High-throughput sequencing screen reveals novel, transforming RAS mutations in myeloid leukemia patients. Blood 2009;113(8):1749-55
Last updated: 2016-10-11 21:38:34 UTC
PMKB Bot
  • Genes
  • Variants
  • Interpretations
  • Tumor Types
  • Primary Sites
  • Activity

Disclaimer: You assume full responsibility for all risks associated with using this PMKB website. The Englander Institute for Precision Medicine at Weill Cornell Medicine makes no guarantee of the comprehensiveness, reliability or accuracy of the information on this website and assumes no responsibility for errors in the information associated with this web site. Healthcare providers and patients must integrate all clinical and laboratory findings as well as information from a variety of sources before deciding on appropriate clinical care options.


When using PMKB, please cite: Huang et al., JAMIA 2017


HELP
User Guide
Video Tutorial
INFO
About
Latest
API
Twitter
CONTACT US
Contact

Englander Institute for Precision Medicine
© Weill Cornell Medicine | Version 1.7.2Privacy PolicyTerms of use