WCMC logo
PMKB
  • Login
KRAS

Interpretations

By Variant(s)

KRAS G12A

KRAS G12V

KRAS G12D

KRAS G12C

KRAS G12S

KRAS G12R

KRAS G13D

KRAS G13C

KRAS G13S

KRAS G13R

KRAS Q61H

KRAS Q61L

KRAS Q61K

KRAS Q61R

KRAS A146T

KRAS A146V

KRAS A146P

KRAS A11V

KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any

KRAS codon(s) 12 any

KRAS K117N

KRAS codon(s) 117 any

KRAS Q22K

KRAS V14I

KRAS L19F

KRAS copy number gain

KRAS copy number loss

KRAS any mutation

By Tumor

  • Acinar Cell Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Acinic Cell Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Acute Myeloid Leukemia
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Adenocarcinoma
    • KRAS G12A, KRAS G12V, KRAS G12D, KRAS G12C, KRAS G12S, KRAS G12R, KRAS G13C, KRAS G13S, KRAS G13R, KRAS Q61H, KRAS Q61L, KRAS Q61K, KRAS Q61R, KRAS A146T, KRAS A146V, KRAS A146P, KRAS A11V, KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
    • KRAS G12A, KRAS G12V, KRAS G12D, KRAS G12C, KRAS G12S, KRAS G12R, KRAS G13D, KRAS G13C, KRAS G13S, KRAS G13R, KRAS Q61H, KRAS Q61L, KRAS Q61K, KRAS Q61R, KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
    • KRAS G12A, KRAS G12V, KRAS G12D, KRAS G12C, KRAS G12S, KRAS G12R, KRAS G13D, KRAS G13C, KRAS G13S, KRAS G13R, KRAS Q61H, KRAS Q61L, KRAS Q61K, KRAS Q61R, KRAS A146T, KRAS A146V, KRAS A146P, KRAS A11V, KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
    • KRAS G12D, KRAS codon(s) 12 any
    • KRAS Q22K
    • KRAS G12A, KRAS G12V, KRAS G12D, KRAS G12S, KRAS G12R
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
    • KRAS V14I
    • KRAS G12V, KRAS G12D, KRAS G12C, KRAS G12S, KRAS G12R, KRAS G13D, KRAS G13C, KRAS G13S, KRAS G13R, KRAS G12A
    • KRAS L19F
    • KRAS G13D
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
    • KRAS G12D
  • Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Adenosarcoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Ameloblastic Tumor
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Angiomatosis
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Angiomyolipoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Angiosarcoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Astrocytoma, Anaplastic
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Basal Cell Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Burkitt Lymphoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Carcinoid Tumor
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Carcinoma
    • KRAS G12A, KRAS G12V, KRAS G12D, KRAS G12C, KRAS G12S, KRAS G12R, KRAS G13D, KRAS G13C, KRAS G13S, KRAS G13R, KRAS Q61H, KRAS Q61L, KRAS Q61K, KRAS Q61R, KRAS A146T, KRAS A146V, KRAS A146P, KRAS A11V, KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Carcinosarcoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Cholangiocarcinoma
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Chondrosarcoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Chordoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Choriocarcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Clear Cell Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Craniopharyngioma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Dermatofibrosarcoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Ductal Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Ependymoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Essential Thrombocythemia
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Ewing Sarcoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Fibromatosis
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Follicular Carcinoma
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Follicular Lymphoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Germ Cell Tumor
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Giant Cell Tumor
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Glioblastoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Glomus Tumor
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Granular Cell Tumor
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Hairy Cell Leukemia
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Hemangioendothelioma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Histiocytic and Dendritic Cell Neoplasms
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Invasive Ductal Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Kaposi Sarcoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Leiomyoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Leiomyosarcoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Lipoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Liposarcoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Lobular Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Malignant Mullerian Mixed Tumor
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Mantle Cell Lymphoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Marginal Zone B Cell Lymphoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Mast Cell Neoplasm
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • MDS with Ring Sideroblasts
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Medullary Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Medulloblastoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Melanoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Meningioma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Merkel Cell Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Mesothelioma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Mucinous Tumors of Appendix
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Mucinous Tumors of Ovary
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Myelodysplastic Syndrome
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Myeloproliferative Neoplasm
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Myxofibrosarcoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Neuroblastoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Neuroendocrine Neoplasm
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • NK Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • NLPHL
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Oligodendroglioma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Osteosarcoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Papillary Carcinoma
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Peripheral T Cell Lymphoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Pheochromocytoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Plasma Cell Disorder
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Polycythemia Vera
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Primary Myelofibrosis
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Renal Cell Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Reninoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Retinoblastoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Rhabdomyosarcoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Sarcoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Schwannoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Serous Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Sex Cord Stromal Tumor
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Small Cell Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor of Pancreas
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Spindle Cell Neoplasm
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma
    • KRAS G12A, KRAS G12V, KRAS G12D, KRAS G12C, KRAS G12S, KRAS G12R, KRAS G13D, KRAS G13C, KRAS G13S, KRAS G13R, KRAS Q61H, KRAS Q61L, KRAS Q61K, KRAS Q61R, KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • T Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • T Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • T-Cell LGL Leukemia
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Thymic Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Thymoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Urothelial Carcinoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Tumors of Peripheral Nerves
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Unknown
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Wilms Tumor
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Ependymoma, Anaplastic
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Astrocytoma, Pilocytic
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Ganglioglioma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Neuroepithelial Neoplasm, NOS
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Pleomorphic Carcinoma
    • KRAS G12A, KRAS G12V, KRAS G12D, KRAS G12C, KRAS G12S, KRAS G12R, KRAS G13D, KRAS G13C, KRAS G13S, KRAS G13R, KRAS Q61H, KRAS Q61L, KRAS Q61K, KRAS Q61R, KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Solitary Fibrous Tumor
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Neuroepithelial neoplasm, high grade
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Leukocytosis
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Thrombocytosis
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Monocytosis
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Cytopenia
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Other Acute Leukemia
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Astrocytoma, NOS
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Acute Leukemia of Unspecified Cell Type
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Anemia, Unspecified
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Astrocytoma, Diffusely Infiltrating
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Diffuse Midline Glioma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Infiltrating Glioma, NOS
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm (IPMN)
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Leukopenia
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Lymphadenopathy
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Lymphocytosis, Symptomatic
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Monoclonal Gammopathy
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Mucinous or Serous Cystic Neoplasms of Pancreas
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Mycosis Fungoides, Unspecified Site
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Oligodendroglioma, Anaplastic
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Rash and Other Nonspecific Skin Eruption
    • KRAS copy number gain, KRAS copy number loss
    • KRAS any mutation
  • Thrombocytopenia, Unspecified
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Eosinophilia
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Myeloid Neoplasm
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Polycythemia
    • KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
  • Information
  • View History
  • Suggested Revisions
KRAS G12C
GeneKRAS
Variantmissense
Amino Acid ChangeG12C
Transcript ID (GRCh37/hg19)ENST00000256078
Codon(s)12
Exon(s)2
Germline/Somatic?Somatic
Pertinent Negative In
TumorTissue
See All Pertinent Negatives

Interpretations

IDTumorTissueVariantsTierInterpretation
152
Adenocarcinoma
Colon
Rectum
KRAS G12A
KRAS G12V
KRAS G12D
KRAS G12C
KRAS G12S
KRAS G12R
KRAS G13C
KRAS G13S
KRAS G13R
KRAS Q61H
KRAS Q61L
KRAS Q61K
KRAS Q61R
KRAS A146T
KRAS A146V
KRAS A146P
KRAS A11V
KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
1KRAS is a gene that encodes one of the several proteins in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway that is important in the development and progression of cancer. KRAS can harbor oncogenic mutations that yield a constitutively active protein. Such mutations are found in approximately 30% to 50% of metastatic colorectal tumors and are common in other tumor types. Mutations in the KRAS gene may indicate poor prognosis and poor drug response with therapies targeted to EGFR. The absence of a KRAS mutation predicts a greater likelihood of response to EGFR-targeted therapies and improved survival with such treatment. The relevant KRAS mutation is in one of five codons (12 13, 61, 117 or 146). The presence of KRAS mutations in codon 12, 13 or 61 is associated with a high likelihood of resistance to therapies targeting EGFR. In addition, mutations at codons 117 and 146 may also be associated with reduced response to EGFR-targeted therapies. Results should be interpreted in conjunction with other laboratory and clinical findings. Drug resistance: Panitumumab Cetuximab
153
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Lung
KRAS G12A
KRAS G12V
KRAS G12D
KRAS G12C
KRAS G12S
KRAS G12R
KRAS G13D
KRAS G13C
KRAS G13S
KRAS G13R
KRAS Q61H
KRAS Q61L
KRAS Q61K
KRAS Q61R
KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
2KRAS belongs to the RAS family of oncogenes. In lung, KRAS mutations are detected in approximately 20% to 25% of adenocarcinoma and less than 10% of squamous cell carcinoma which demonstrate a minor glandular component. KRAS mutations in NSCLC most often occur in codons 12 or 13 and with a lower frequency in codon 61. Mutations in KRAS are usually mutually exclusive with other oncogenic driver aberrations including EGFR, BRAF, HER2 mutations and ALK and ROS1 rearrangements. Contrary to most other oncogenic driver mutations, KRAS is more often found in smokers and is detected at lower frequency in East Asian patient cohorts. The prognostic as well as predictive role of KRAS mutations continues to be studied. Although various attempts inhibiting KRAS have been made, there is no established therapy specific for this large patient subpopulation. Recommend correlation with other clinical and lab findings.
154
Adenocarcinoma
Pleomorphic Carcinoma
Lung
KRAS G12A
KRAS G12V
KRAS G12D
KRAS G12C
KRAS G12S
KRAS G12R
KRAS G13D
KRAS G13C
KRAS G13S
KRAS G13R
KRAS Q61H
KRAS Q61L
KRAS Q61K
KRAS Q61R
KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
2KRAS belongs to the RAS family of oncogenes. KRAS mutations are detected in approximately 20% to 25% of lung adenocarcinoma. Contrary to most other oncogenic driver mutations, KRAS is more often found in smokers and is detected at lower frequency in East Asian patient cohorts. Mutations in KRAS are usually mutually exclusive with other oncogenic driver aberrations including EGFR, BRAF, HER2 mutations and ALK and ROS1 rearrangements. KRAS mutations in NSCLC most often occur in codons 12 or 13 and with a lower frequency in codon 61. The prognostic as well as predictive role of KRAS mutations continues to be studied. Although various attempts inhibiting KRAS have been made, there is no established therapy specific for this large patient subpopulation.
155
Adenocarcinoma
Carcinoma
Pancreas
KRAS G12A
KRAS G12V
KRAS G12D
KRAS G12C
KRAS G12S
KRAS G12R
KRAS G13D
KRAS G13C
KRAS G13S
KRAS G13R
KRAS Q61H
KRAS Q61L
KRAS Q61K
KRAS Q61R
KRAS A146T
KRAS A146V
KRAS A146P
KRAS A11V
KRAS codon(s) 12, 13, 61, 117, 146 any
1Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is initiated by oncogenic mutant KRAS, which has been shown to drive pancreatic neoplasia. More than 90% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma samples have a KRAS mutation which may have prognostic, and (with ongoing trials assessing the efficacy of novel KRAS inhibitors) possibly therapeutic implications. However, targeting KRAS directly has been difficult in these tumors.
344
Adenocarcinoma
Stomach
KRAS G12V
KRAS G12D
KRAS G12C
KRAS G12S
KRAS G12R
KRAS G13D
KRAS G13C
KRAS G13S
KRAS G13R
KRAS G12A
1KRAS mutations are infrequent in gastric carcinomas and have been reported in approximately 6% of cases. Studies have shown no statistically significant difference in survival between KRAS-mutated and KRAS-non-mutated gastric carcinomas. However, one study showed a trend that the presence of a KRAS mutation was associated with better overall survival in gastric carcinoma patients. There is an increased frequency of KRAS mutations in gastric carcinomas with microsatellite instability. In gastric cancer, the predictive ability of KRAS has not been extensively studied, but a small study did not demonstrate an effect on survival in patients treated with an EGFR inhibitor.

Disclaimer: You assume full responsibility for all risks associated with using this PMKB website. The IPM makes no guarantee of the comprehensiveness, reliability or accuracy of the information on this website and the IPM assumes no responsibility for errors in the information associated with this web site. Healthcare providers and patients must integrate all clinical and laboratory findings as well as information from a variety of sources before deciding on appropriate clinical care options.

  • Home
  • Browse
  • GGenes
  • VVariants
  • IInterpretations
  • TTumor Types
  • STissues
  • Activity
  • Contact
  • External Links
    • COSMIC
    • My Cancer Genome
    • TumorPortal
    • cBioPortal
    • cBioPortal for IPM
    • UniProt
    • Ensembl
    • PubMed
    • Clinical Trials
    • FDA Pharmacogenetics
    • Exome Variant Server
    • Google

Copyright IPM 2015-2018 - Build v.1.0.05